👥 Introduction
Population composition refers to the structure of the population in terms of age, sex, literacy, occupation, language, religion, and ethnicity. It helps us understand the social and economic characteristics of a population.
📊 Age Structure
The age structure refers to the distribution of the population in different age groups. It is usually divided into:
- Children (0-14 years): Dependent population
- Working Age (15-59 years): Economically active population
- Elderly (60+ years): Retired or dependent
🚹🚺 Sex Ratio
Sex ratio is the number of females per 1000 males in the population. It indicates gender balance and social status of women in a society.
India’s sex ratio (2021): 1020 females per 1000 males
📚 Literacy Rate
Literacy is the ability to read and write. The literacy rate is the percentage of literate people aged 7 years and above in the population.
India’s literacy rate (2021): Around 77.7%
👨🔧 Occupation
Population can be classified based on their occupations into:
- Primary: Agriculture, fishing, mining
- Secondary: Manufacturing, construction
- Tertiary: Services, transport, education
🌍 Language and Religion
People around the world are diverse in terms of language and religion. These characteristics influence culture and lifestyle.
📖 Conclusion
The composition of population helps in understanding the quality of human resources and planning for development, education, healthcare, and employment opportunities.